Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Abstract
Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a disease characterized by inadequate production or deficient action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, resulting in excessive urine excretion and extreme thirst. This article explores the pathophysiology of diabetes insipidus, highlighting the importance of ADH in the regulation of body water balance and urine concentration. The different types of diabetes insipidus are examined, including central and nephrogenic, with emphasis on their underlying causes and clinical manifestations. Furthermore, advances in the diagnosis and evaluation of diabetes insipidus are another central point of the article. The results of the reviewed studies suggested that the efficacy and safety of various treatments for diabetes insipidus, such as antidiuretic hormone loss, receptor-sensitizing agents and non-pharmacological approaches have been effective, as well as the importance of prognostic factors and complications, since they can influence the prognosis of the disease and increase the risk of complications; this can help to guide clinical management. As a result, the conclusion is that recent advances in understanding the pathophysiology of diabetes insipidus have significantly improved the diagnosis and management of this disease. However, challenges remain in managing complications and caring for special populations, highlighting the need for continued research and multidisciplinary care to optimize outcomes in patients with diabetes insipidus.
Keywords: hypercalcemia, hypokalemia, nephrogenic diabetes insipidusDownloads
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