Effects of bicornuate uterus on Fertility
Keywords:
Bicornuate uterus, fertility, uterine anomalies, infertility, preterm birth.Abstract
The bicornuate uterus is a congenital anomaly of the female reproductive tract that can significantly impact fertility. This uterine malformation, characterized by a uterus with two separate cavities, can present in various forms, ranging from mild to severe. It has been associated with complications such as recurrent miscarriages, premature births, and difficulties in embryo implantation. The objective of this study is to describe the current state of knowledge regarding the effects of bicornuate uterus on fertility, pregnancy outcomes, and strategies for appropriate clinical management. A documentary design was applied, with a systematic review of bibliographies in databases such as PubMed, SciELO, and SCOPUS. The years of the articles studied were limited to between 2015 and 2025. Early diagnosis using imaging techniques such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging is essential for an accurate assessment. As for treatment, surgical correction is considered in some cases, especially when there is a history of infertility or obstetric complications. However, studies suggest that women with bicornuate uterus may have a fertility rate comparable to that of women without uterine abnormalities, although the risk of complications increases. Therefore, identification and proper management of this condition are crucial for optimizing reproductive outcomes.
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