Nursing intervention for the treatment of depression in older adults

Abstract

Introduction: According to the WHO, depression is a common mental disorder characterized by persistent sadness, loss of interest in rewarding activities, feelings of guilt, and lack of energy. It is the most prevalent psychiatric illness among the elderly population in developed countries and is associated with the worsening of various chronic diseases, negatively affecting the physical and emotional health of older adults.

Objective: To describe the current state of major nursing interventions in the care of older adults with depression.

Method: A systematic review of the literature was conducted, considering PRISMA guidelines. Both theoretical and empirical knowledge methods were used. As a scientific research technique, bibliographic references were utilized, and as an instrument, a guide for documentary analysis was employed. A total of 200 studies were identified, and after careful selection, 30 were included.

Development: Depression in older adults is related to a decrease in serotonin, a key neurotransmitter in regulating mood and sleep, with some psychological risk factors, socioeconomic status, and being female influencing it. Symptoms include memory loss, low self-esteem, physical deterioration, and lack of appetite. Nursing staff are involved in the care of these adults, guided by appropriate models and theories.

Conclusions: Nursing care should be adapted to the patient's conditions and use tools such as the Yesavage Scale to assess the severity of depression.