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Factores de riesgo de la enfermedad renal crónica en adultos mayores
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La enfermedad renal crónica constituye un importante problema de salud a nivel mundial y su crecimiento ha provocado que se defina como “la epidemia del Siglo XXI”. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en adultos mayores atendidos entre febrero de 2009 y 2010) en la Consulta de Nefrología de la Policlínica de Rolo en Moa con el objetivo de identificar los factores de riesgo que propiciaron la enfermedad renal crónica. Se estudiaron 503 pacientes con factores de riesgo para desarrollar la enfermedad o con algún marcador de daño renal. El 70,1% de los pacientes se ubicó en el grupo de 60 a 70 años de edad los cuales habían perdido 60 ml del filtrado normal. El 58,3% ingería más de cuatro fármacos, factor de riesgo que progresa la enfermedad. La hipertensión arterial, como factor desencadenante, se encontró en el 76,7%. El 96,4% de los pacientes consumían menos de dos litros de agua diario. De los 503 pacientes estudiados solo 18 no revirtieron el daño renal; los 485 restantes están bajo control y seguimiento por su médico de familia. Fue evidente que el control de factores de riesgo evita y en muchos casos detiene el progreso de la enfermedad renal crónica.
Palabras clave: factor de riesgo, enfermedad renal crónica, adulto mayor, hipertensión arterial
ABSTRACT
Chronic renal disease is an important health problem all over the world, and has been defined as an epidemic of XXI century. A cross-sectional descriptive study in elderly patients that were assisted at Nephrology Service of Rolo in Moa municipality from February 2009 to February 2010 was carried out. The objective of this work was to identify the risk factors that are associated with chronic renal failure. A total of 503 patients with risk factors or some marker of renal failure is studied. The 70.1% of the patient was in the group from 60 to 70 years who had already lost 60 ml of the normal filtration, 58.3% of patients consumed more than 4 medications, which is a risk factor of the illness. High blood pressure as trigger factor was present in 76.7% of the sample. The 96.4% of the patients consumed less than 2 L of water daily. Eighteen patients of the studied do not have renal failure and the other 485 were under the control of Family Doctors. This study demonstrated that it is very important to control the risk factors of chronic renal failure in order to avoid the progress of this disease.
Key words: risk factor, crhonic renal failure, elderly, hihg blood pressure
Palabras clave: factor de riesgo, enfermedad renal crónica, adulto mayor, hipertensión arterial
ABSTRACT
Chronic renal disease is an important health problem all over the world, and has been defined as an epidemic of XXI century. A cross-sectional descriptive study in elderly patients that were assisted at Nephrology Service of Rolo in Moa municipality from February 2009 to February 2010 was carried out. The objective of this work was to identify the risk factors that are associated with chronic renal failure. A total of 503 patients with risk factors or some marker of renal failure is studied. The 70.1% of the patient was in the group from 60 to 70 years who had already lost 60 ml of the normal filtration, 58.3% of patients consumed more than 4 medications, which is a risk factor of the illness. High blood pressure as trigger factor was present in 76.7% of the sample. The 96.4% of the patients consumed less than 2 L of water daily. Eighteen patients of the studied do not have renal failure and the other 485 were under the control of Family Doctors. This study demonstrated that it is very important to control the risk factors of chronic renal failure in order to avoid the progress of this disease.
Key words: risk factor, crhonic renal failure, elderly, hihg blood pressure
Copyright (c) 2021 Alina Katia Laffita Laboti, Maria Elena Mena Mulet, Nordis Rodríguez Monje
Esta obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional.
