Disbiosis intestinal en la enfermedad de Alzheimer

Gisela Eduarda Feria Díaz, Regla Cristina Valdés Cabodevilla

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La enfermedad de Alzheimer es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa que constituye la principal causa de demencia mundial. En esta revisión bibliográfica realizada en Google Académico, PubMed/Medline y SciELO con los descriptores: enfermedad de Alzheimer, microbiota intestinal, eje microbiota-intestino-cerebro, disbiosis intestinal, neuroinflamación y estrés oxidativo; se localizaron artículos en inglés y español, a texto completo. Aunque la patogenia de la enfermedad de Alzheimer no se conoce bien, se plantea la implicación de la alteración de la microbiota intestinal o disbiosis a través de mecanismos metabólicos, hormonales y neurales. Estos mecanismos que componen una compleja red de interrelaciones en el eje microbiota-intestino-cerebro representan una potencial diana terapéutica para la prevención y el tratamiento de la enfermedad. Dentro de las estrategias no farmacológicas se reconocen las dietas saludables ricas en vegetales, los probióticos, prebióticos y trasplante microbiano fecal. Las estrategias terapéuticas con medicamentos incluyen inhibidores de neurotransmisores, algunos antibióticos, GV-971 y ácidos grasos omega-3.

Palabras clave: enfermedad de Alzheimer, microbiota intestinal, eje microbiota-intestino-cerebro, disbiosis intestinal, neuroinflamación, estrés oxidativo.

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Copyright (c) 2023 Gisela Eduarda Feria Díaz, Regla Cristina Valdés Cabodevilla

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